The 'List of Medicinal and Edible Products' contained twenty LTTD entries, and the 'List of Products Used for Health-care Food' held twenty-one, all contributing to modern healthcare through various mechanisms, including boosting immunity, aiding in lowering blood lipids, and providing antioxidant protection. Traditional Chinese medicine's cornerstone, Shen Nong's Classic of Materia Medica, provides a historical perspective on healthcare, emphasizing the strategic use of medications for prolonged therapeutic benefits, a methodology applicable to the treatment of sub-health and chronic ailments. A long history of practical application exists in evaluating the efficacy and safety of LTTD, and the edible nature of some of these drugs is a distinguishing aspect of the entire health care system, especially relevant to the evolving healthcare needs of the aging population under the Big Health umbrella. Nonetheless, the knowledge base of some entries in the book is confined by the era, demanding rigorous scientific examination congruent with the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and pertinent regulations and technical stipulations, aimed at rectifying inaccuracies, safeguarding authenticity, and retaining the core tenets, thereby facilitating enhanced improvement, innovation, and evolution.

Within the digital transformation of China's pharmaceutical sector, a key challenge lies in effectively governing and analyzing industrial data, excavating valuable insights, and utilizing them to direct drug production. The scope of Chinese pharmaceutical techniques, though extensive, necessitates improvements in the uniformity of drug quality. To overcome this difficulty, we developed an optimization approach that merges sophisticated computational tools (such as Bayesian networks, convolutional neural networks, and Pareto multi-objective optimization algorithms) with Lean Six Sigma tools (like Shewhart control charts and process performance index) to analyze historical industrial data in detail and guide the continuous enhancement of pharmaceutical processes. check details Beyond that, we applied this method to enhance the manufacturing process of sporoderm-eliminated Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. Through optimization, a preliminary determination was made of the possible combinations of critical parameters. These combinations are projected to secure a P(pk) value of at least 133 for the key quality attributes, including moisture, particle size, crude polysaccharide content, and total triterpenes, in the sporoderm-removed Ganoderma lucidum spore powder. The findings from the results confirm the proposed strategy's worth in industrial applications.

This study sought to investigate the infrared expression and function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) within the context of phlegm-dampness metabolic syndrome (MS), aiming to establish an objective foundation for the clinical diagnosis and management of phlegm-dampness MS. The study, conducted from August 2021 to April 2022, encompassed subjects selected from the department of endocrinology and ward in the South District of Guang'anmen Hospital, part of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. This comprised 20 healthy controls, 40 patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) not exhibiting phlegm-dampness symptoms, and 40 patients with MS presenting with phlegm-dampness. Concerning the subjects, general information, height, and weight data were recorded, followed by the calculation of the body mass index (BMI). check details The metrics of waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were quantified. The levels of triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), leptin (LP), adiponectin (ADP), and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21) were determined. An infrared thermal imager captured infrared thermal images of the supraclavicular region (SCR) in subjects both before and after a cold stimulation test, allowing for a comparative analysis of thermal image changes across the three groups. Additionally, the differences in average body surface temperature were evaluated across the three SCR cohorts, and the changes in BAT levels within SCR were studied. The MS group exhibited increases (P<0.001) in waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, triglycerides, and fasting plasma glucose, in comparison to the healthy control group. Conversely, HDL-C levels were significantly reduced (P<0.001). The phlegm-dampness MS group displayed a superior conversion score for phlegm-dampness physique, markedly exceeding that of the non-phlegm-dampness MS group, with statistical significance (P<0.001). In the infrared heat map, a consistent average body surface temperature was detected for SCR across all three groups before cold stimulation. Cold stimulation resulted in a significantly lower average body surface temperature in the MS SCR group compared to the healthy control group (P<0.05). Following cold stimulation, the maximum temperature readings for SCR, along with their corresponding arrival times, varied across the three groups as follows: the healthy control group exhibited the fastest temperature response (3 minutes), followed by the non-phlegm-dampness MS group (4 minutes), and finally, the phlegm-dampness MS group (5 minutes). A rise in thermal deviation of SCR, accompanied by higher average body surface temperatures on both the left and right sides (P<0.001), was observed in the healthy control and non-phlegm-dampness MS groups, while the phlegm-dampness MS group experienced no substantial change in SCR thermal deviation. Compared to the healthy control group, the elevated temperature difference between the left and right sides was statistically lower (P<0.001, P<0.005), as was the left side's elevated temperature when compared with the non-phlegm-dampness MS group (P<0.005). The average body surface temperature of SCR varied most notably in the healthy control group, less so in the non-phlegm-dampness MS group, and least in the phlegm-dampness MS group. Compared with the healthy control and non-phlegm-dampness MS groups, the phlegm-dampness MS group experienced an elevation in FINS, BMI, and FGF-21 levels (P<0.001, P<0.005), and a concomitant decrease in ADP levels (P<0.001, P<0.005). check details Moreover, the phlegm-dampness MS group displayed a higher LP level than the non-phlegm-dampness MS group, a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Post-cold-stimulation clinical trials in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with skin rash and cracking (SCR) demonstrated lower average body surface temperatures compared to healthy individuals; the thermal fluctuation of SCR in phlegm-dampness MS patients was comparatively stable, exhibiting a smaller temperature discrepancy compared to the remaining two groups. The clinical assessment and management of phlegm-dampness MS drew upon the objective data provided by these characteristics. Abnormal BAT indicators suggested a decrease in BAT content or activity within the SCR of phlegm-dampness MS patients. There was a marked correlation between BAT and phlegm-dampness MS, which positions BAT as a potentially important target for intervention in phlegm-dampness MS.

Food tends to collect in children experiencing fever. Removing food stagnation and clearing the heat in children, according to traditional Chinese medicine, is a crucial strategy to prevent heat-related harm. This investigation into the efficacy of Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granules (XRCQ) in clearing heat and eliminating food accumulation employed a model of induced fever and food accumulation in suckling SD rats. The rats were fed a high-sugar, high-fat diet and injected with carrageenan. Researchers examining the pharmacodynamics and mechanism of XRCQ found substantial support in the references from this study. XRCQ treatment of suckling rats produced a reduction in rectal temperature and an improved inflammatory environment, as evidenced by changes in interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon (IFN-), white blood cell, and monocyte counts. XRCQ's application effectively led to the repair of intestinal injury and the enhancement of intestinal propulsive movement. An investigation into XRCQ's thermolytic heat-clearing efficacy prompted further exploration using non-targeted and targeted metabolomics analyses, employing LTQ-Orbitrap MS/MS and UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. A non-target metabolomics analysis of brain tissue samples was achieved through the synergistic use of QI software and SIMCA-P software, highlighting 22 significantly regulated endogenous metabolites. MetaboAnalyst's pathway enrichment analysis results revealed that the primary intervention mechanism was concentrated on tyrosine metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, inositol phosphate metabolism, and other pathways. Simultaneous targeted metabolomics of brain tissue samples showed XRCQ to have an effect on the vitality of the digestive system, inhibiting abnormal energy metabolism and inflammatory responses, contributing to a heat-clearing and food-stagnation-removing effect across multiple levels.

To identify key genes involved in the transition from idiopathic membranous nephropathy to end-stage renal disease, this research implemented bioinformatics analysis, leading to the prediction of targeted Chinese herbs and remedies, and their active ingredients exhibiting preventive and curative properties. The GSE108113 microarray, related to idiopathic membranous nephropathy, and the GSE37171 microarray were downloaded from the comprehensive gene expression database. The R software analysis identified 8 homozygous differentially expressed genes as being pivotal in the transformation of idiopathic membranous nephropathy to end-stage renal disease. The expression of homozygous differentially expressed genes within GSE115857 (idiopathic membranous nephropathy) and GSE66494 (chronic kidney disease) microarray datasets was verified using GraphPad Prism. This process led to the identification of seven key genes: FOS, OGT, CLK1, TIA1, TTC14, CHORDC1, and ANKRD36B.